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“I AM THE WALRUS”
(John Lennon – Paul McCartney)
 “Epstein (The Beatle-Making Prince Of Pop) Dies At 32.” So read the headline in Britain's “Daily Mirror” magazine in late August of 1967. Beatles manager Brian Epstein was found dead at his residence at 24 Chapel Street, London, on August 27th, 1967 of an accidental overdose of sleeping pills mixed with alcohol. “If anyone was the ‘fifth Beatle,’ it was Brian,” stated Paul McCartney.
 The Beatles were at a weekend retreat in Bangor, Wales listening to the teachings of the Maharishi Mahesh Yogi at the time of Brian Epstein’s death. Upon hearing the news, “they cut their stay short and reconvened at McCartney’s house in St. John’s Wood on 1st September to decide what to do,” explains Ian MacDonald in his book “Revolution In The Head.” “McCartney knew that the psychological force holding them together would soon dissipate without some new creative focus, and argued that they must now get on with the ‘Magical Mystery Tour’ project. The others glumly agreed, Lennon acquiescing despite seeing with his usual withering clarity that, without Epstein, The Beatles would soon fall apart.”
With that decided, four days later they entered EMI Studio One to carry on ‘business as usual,’ recording the recently written Lennon song “I Am The Walrus.” This elaborate tour de force, therefore, has the unique distinction of being the first song The Beatles recorded after the death of their much-loved manager.
Songwriting History
Writer Hunter Davies, who was spending a good amount of time individually and collectively with the band in order to put together the first official Beatles biography, remembers some interesting details regarding the inspiration to “I Am The Walrus” while with John at his Kenwood home, probably in late August, 1967.
 “I remember being at John’s house in Weybridge, and we were swimming round the pool and, several streets away, you could hear a police siren going, ‘da-da, da-da, da-da, da-da,’ and John started humming this, and playing with those two notes. He actually got that on the piano, and they had a go at that, later that evening. They did a backing track and a few things.” Hunter Davies’ mention of having “a go at that, later that evening” as “a backing track” may have been referring to The Beatles experimenting with John’s idea in the recording studio, which could only have meant either August 22nd or 23rd, 1967, at Chappell Studios where they worked on Paul’s “Your Mother Should Know.” Since “I Am The Walrus” was nowhere near complete at this point, they certainly didn’t record an actual “backing track” on this day, evidenced also by it not being mentioned in any documentation. At best, John may have demonstrated his latest idea to the group on one of these days.
 Elaborating further about the police siren inspiration on that day in his biography “The Beatles,” Hunter Davies continues: “The rhythm had stayed in his head and he was playing with putting words to it. ‘Mis-ter, Ci-ty, p’lice-man, sit-tin, pre-tty.’ He’d got as far as trying the words in a slightly different order – ‘Sitting pretty, like a policeman’ – but hadn’t got much further. He said it would be a basis for a song, but there was no need to develop it now. It could be dragged out next time he needed a song. ‘I’ve written in down on a piece of paper somewhere. I’m always sure I’ll forget it, so I write it down, but I wouldn’t.’”
 “He’d written down another few words that day, just daft words, to put to another bit of rhythm. ‘Sitting on a cornflake, waiting for the man to come.’ I thought he said ‘van to come,’ which he hadn’t, but he liked it better and said he’d use it instead. He also had another piece of tune in his head. This had started from the phrase ‘sitting in an English country garden.’ This is what John does for at least two hours every day, sitting on the step outside his window looking at his garden. This time, thinking about himself doing it, he’d repeated the phrase over and over till he’d put a tune to it."
 Quoting John on this day, Hunter Davies relates: “‘I don’t know how it will all end up. Perhaps, they’ll turn out to be different parts of the same song – sitting in an English country garden, waiting for the van to come. I don’t know.’ Which is what did happen. He put all the pieces together and made ‘I Am The Walrus.’ In the backing to the song can be heard the insistent rhythm of a police siren, which had sparked the song off in the first place. This very often happens. Bits of songs which have started off separately end up as one song when the time comes to empty his head and find a new song." In the book "The Lives Of John Lennon," author Albert Goldman states concerning the writing of "I Am The Walrus" that John "wrote the famous lyric by putting a sheet of paper into his typewriter and adding a line whenever the spirit moved him."
 John gives some more details about the song’s writing in 1968: “We write lyrics, and I write lyrics that you don't realize what they mean till after. Especially some of the better songs or some of the more flowing ones, like 'Walrus.' The whole first verse was written without any knowledge. I didn’t know what I was saying, and you just find out later. I had 'I am he as you are he as we are all together.' I had just these two lines on the typewriter, and then about two weeks later I ran through and wrote another two lines and then, when I saw something, after about four lines, I just knocked the rest of it off. Then I had the whole verse, or verse and a half, and then sang it. I had this idea of doing a song that was a police siren, but it didn't work in the end (sings like a siren) 'I-am-he-as-you-are-he-as...' You couldn't really sing the police siren." It has been suggested that the folk song "Marching To Pretoria," popularized by The Weavers in 1963, may have been a subliminal inspiration for the first line of "I Am The Walrus." "Sing with me, I'll sing with you, and so we will sing together" is heard repeatedly in this song, as well as other similarly phrased lyrics that are sung in a somewhat similar cadence to John's "I am he as you are he" lyric. This, of course, has not been confirmed.
To get an even clearer picture of the time frame, Lennon explains in his 1980 Playboy interview: “The first line was written on one acid trip one weekend. The second line was written on the next acid trip the next weekend, and it was filled in after I met Yoko.”
 As for more information about the cryptic lyrics included in the song, the genesis of their origin is explained by long time friend Pete Shotton in his book “John Lennon In My Life.” The events described by Pete Shotton, as quoted below, must have taken place in late August of 1967.
 "One afternoon, while taking ‘lucky dips’ into the day's sack of fan mail, John, much to both our amusement, chanced to pull out a letter from a student at Quarry Bank. Following the usual expressions of adoration, this lad revealed that his literature master was playing Beatles songs in class; after the boys all took their turns analyzing the lyrics, the teacher would weigh in with his own interpretation of what The Beatles were really talking about. (This, of course, was the same institution of learning whose headmaster had summed up young Lennon's prospects with the words: ‘This boy is bound to fail.’)”
 "John and I howled in laughter over the absurdity of it all. ‘Pete (Shotton),’ he said, ‘what's that “Dead Dog's Eye” song we used to sing when we were at Quarry Bank?’ I thought for a moment and it all came back to me:
‘Yellow matter custard, green slop pie, All mixed together with a dead dog's eye, Slap it on a butty, ten foot thick, Then wash it all down with a cup of cold sick.’
“‘That's it!’ said John. ‘Fantastic!’ He found a pen commenced scribbling: ‘Yellow matter custard dripping from a dead dog's eye....’”
 “Inspired by the picture of that Quarry Bank literature master pontificating about the symbolism of Lennon - McCartney (songs), John threw in the most ludicrous images his imagination could conjure. He thought of ‘semolina’ (an insipid pudding we'd been forced to eat as kids) and ‘pilchard’ (a sardine we often fed to our cats). ‘Semolina pilchard, climbing up the Eiffel Tower....,’ John intoned, writing it down with considerable relish. He turned to me, smiling. ‘Let the f*ckers work THAT one out, Pete.’”
 An interesting footnote to this account is that the sender of the original letter to John, Stephen Bayley, received a written answer in a letter from John dated September 1st, 1967. This answer letter, according to Steve Turner’s book “A Hard Day’s Write,” was “sold at auction by Christie’s of London in 1992.”
 As to the style of lyric writing used in the song, Lennon explained in 1980: “In those days I was writing obscurely, ala (Bob) Dylan, never saying what you mean but giving the impression of something, where more or less can be read into it. It’s a good game. I thought, ‘They get away with this artsy-fartsy crap.’ There has been more said about Dylan’s wonderful lyrics than was ever in the lyrics at all. Mine, too. But it was the intellectuals who read all this into Dylan or The Beatles. Dylan got away with murder. I thought, ‘I can write this crap, too.’ You just stick a few images together, thread them together, and you call it poetry. But I was just using the mind that wrote ‘In His Own Write’ to write that song.”
 Lennon went into considerable detail during many interviews concerning the meaning behind various elements of the lyrics. “Part of it was putting down Hare Krishna,” John related to Playboy in 1980. “All these people were going on about Hare Krishna, Allen Ginsberg in particular. The reference to ‘Element’ry penguin’ is the elementary, naïve attitude of going around chanting, ‘Hare Krishna,’ or putting all your faith in any one idol.” Beat poet Allen Ginsberg, around this time, was performing recitals that, according to Ian MacDonald’s book “Revolution In The Head,” “chiefly consisted of him playing a harmonium and chanting mantras,” evidence of “the mechanical mantra-chanting of the ‘Hare Krishna’ movement.” Therefore, John took advantage of the occasion by putting in a slight dig at Ginsberg’s expense.
 He also explained to Playboy: “The Walrus comes from ‘The Walrus And The Carpenter’; ‘Alice In Wonderland.’ To me, it was a beautiful poem. It never dawned on me that Lewis Carroll was commenting on the capitalist system. I never went into that bit about what he really meant, like people are doing with The Beatles’ work. Later I went back and looked at it and realized that the Walrus was the bad guy in the story, and the Carpenter was the good guy. I thought, ‘Oh, shit. I’ve picked the wrong guy.’ But that wouldn’t have been the same, would it? ‘I am the Carpenter…’”
 Lennon expands on this a little more in a previous 1970 interview: “We saw the movie in LA, and the Walrus was a big capitalist that ate all the f*cking oysters. I always had the image of the Walrus in the garden and I loved it, and so I didn’t ever check what the Walrus was. He’s a f*cking bastard – that’s what he turns out to be. But the way it’s written, everybody presumes that means something. I mean, even I did. We all just presumed that because I said ‘I am the Walrus’ that it must mean ‘I am God’ or something. It’s just poetry, but it became symbolic of me.”
 But what about the significance of the “egg man”? Eric Burdon, lead singer of the British group The Animals, reveals the identity of the “egg man” as himself in his autobiography “Don’t Let Me Be Misunderstood.” The event may be unsavory for some, but appears to have the ring of truth nonetheless.
Recalling his experiences with Lennon, Eric Burdon writes: “We had some great times together, something John gave a nod to in his song ‘I Am The Walrus.’ It may be one of my more dubious distinctions, but I was the ‘Egg Man,’ or, as some pals called me, ‘Eggs.’ The nickname stuck after a wild experience I’d had at the time with a Jamaican girlfriend named Sylvia. I was up early one morning cooking breakfast, naked except for my socks, and she slid up behind me and cracked an amyl nitrate capsule under my nose. As the fumes set my brain alight, and I slid to the kitchen floor, she reached to the counter and grabbed an egg, which she broke into the pit of my belly. The white and the yellow of the egg ran down my naked front and Sylvia…began to show me one Jamaican trick after another.”
 Eric Burdon continues: “I shared the story with John at a party at a Mayfair flat one night with a handful of blondes and a little Asian girl. ‘Go on, go get it, Egg Man,’ Lennon laughed over the little round glasses perched on the end of his hooklike nose as we tried the all-too-willing girls on for size.”
 Also interesting is the six-times repeated phrase “I’m crying,” which is heard periodically at the end of verses. It appears more than coincidental that this same phrase is heard, sung in the same way, at the end of each verse on the Smokey Robinson And The Miracles song “Ooo Baby Baby,” which was a hit in the early summer of 1965. “Smokey Robinson was like God in our eyes,” McCartney once exclaimed, Lennon even admitting once to Yoko that he was always “trying to do Smokey Robinson” during The Beatles’ years.
 A reference to the song “Lucy In The Sky With Diamonds,” which was by then assumed by most writers and fans as referring to LSD, got a quick mention in the lyrics to “I Am The Walrus.” “See how they fly like lucy in the sky” may very well have been a nod of acknowledgement to these drug related assumptions which were being adamantly denied by the group. From this point forward, it became somewhat more common in The Beatles catalog to refer to lyrics of previously recorded songs, the Walrus lyric “see how they run” appearing in “Lady Madonna” as well as the obvious Walrus references in “Glass Onion.”
 Another curious lyrical inclusion in “I Am The Walrus,” one that got the song banned by the BBC, was the phrase, “You’ve been a naughty girl, you’ve let your knickers down.” "Everyone keeps preaching that the best way is to be 'open' when writing for teenagers,” Paul stated in 1967. “Then when we do we get criticized, surely the word 'knickers' can't offend anyone. Shakespeare wrote words a lot more naughtier than knickers!" John passively added, “We chose the word (knickers) because it is a lovely expressive word. It rolls off the tongue. It could 'mean' anything."
 In Hunter Davies "Beatles" biography, George Harrison relates his opinion about how people take Beatles lyrics too seriously. "That's what people don't understand," he states, adding: "like John's 'I Am The Walrus' - 'I am he as you are he as you are me.' That's true but it's still a joke. People looked for all sorts of hidden meanings. It's serious and it's not serious." After expressing his approval of Lennon's use of the word "knickers," he stated: "Why can't you have people f*cking as well: It's going on everywhere in the world, all the time. So why can't you mention it? It's just a word made up by people. It's meaningless in itself. Keep saying it - F*ck, f*ck, f*ck, f*ck, f*ck, f*ck, f*ck. See, it doesn't mean a thing, so why can't you use it in a song? We will eventually. We haven't started yet." Of course, the following year they hinted at it with Paul's "Why Don't We Do It In The Road," but I think we can all agree that the Beatles' legacy is much better off for them not having gone there fully. Lennon did cross that line in "Working Class Hero" in 1970 after the band's breakup, but otherwise they left that to, among others, their pal Harry Nilsson in 1972 with his song "You're Breaking My Heart" as featured on his album "Son Of Schmilsson."
 An interesting observation of John and Paul's individual songwriting style was detailed by producer George Martin in Hunter Davies' "Beatles" biography. Regarding Paul, George Martin stated: "He's the sort of Rodgers and Hart of the two...All the time he's trying to do better, especially trying to equal John's talent for words. Meeting John has made him try for deeper lyrics...John writes for his own amusement. He would be content to play his tunes to (his wife) Cyn. Paul likes a public. John's concept of music is very interesting. I was once playing Ravel's 'Daphnis and Chloe' to him. He said he couldn't grasp it because the melodic lines were too long. He said he looked upon writing music as doing little bits which you then join up. This does seem to be true, judging by the way John has written many of his songs, such as 'I Am The Walrus.'" The detailed lyrical explanations outlined above testify to this.
 Another interesting tidbit concerning the lyrics of this song is that George Harrison, in a 1968 interview conducted while in India studying Transcendental Meditation with the Maharishi, told journalist Lewis Lapham that John incorporated the personal mantra he was given by the guru the previous year into the lyrics of "I Am The Walrus." It was sometime between August 24th, 1967 when The Beatles first met with the Maharishi in London and when they met with him in Bangor, North Wales August 25th through the 27th that Lennon would have received his mantra. When given a mantra to use in meditation, it was to be kept secret and never revealed to anyone, only to be used personally. Knowing Lennon's personality, it only makes sense that he would dare to secretly reveal the mantra in the lyrics to a song, although we can only speculate what the mantra actually was. Could it possibly have been within the phrase "goo-goo-g'joob"? I think we can rightly assume it didn't include the word "knickers."
 To put it all in a nutshell, Lennon explained in 1969, “’Walrus’ is just saying a dream – the words don’t mean a lot. People draw so many conclusions and it’s ridiculous.” He added in 1980: “I’ve had tongue in cheek all along – all of them had tongue in cheek. Just because other people see depths of whatever in it…What does it really mean, ‘I am the eggman’? It could have been ‘the pudding basin,’ for all I care. It’s not that serious.”
Recording History
“All four Beatles met up at Paul’s St. John’s Wood house on 1 September (1967), four days after the death of Brian Epstein,” states Mark Lewisohn in “The Beatles Recording Sessions.” “They decided many things, one of them being to press on with the ‘Magical Mystery Tour’ project, temporarily postponing a planned visit to India to study Transcendental Meditation.” Four days after this, on September 5th, 1967, they arrived at EMI Studio One at around 7 pm to start on their first new song since the death of their esteemed manager, John’s composition “I Am The Walrus.”
 Engineer Geoff Emerick, in his book “Here, There And Everywhere,” recalls the events of this recording session, including John’s first introduction of the song. “There was a pallor across the session that day – we were all distracted, thinking about Brian – but there was a song to be recorded, too. It was one of John’s, and, somewhat fittingly, it might well have been his strangest one yet. ‘I am he as you are he / As you are me and we are all together,’ Lennon sang in a dull monotone, strumming his acoustic guitar as we all gathered around him in the dim studio light. Everyone seemed bewildered. The melody consisted largely of just two notes, and the lyrics were pretty much just nonsense – for some reason John appeared to be singing about a walrus and an eggman. There was a moment of silence when he finished, then Lennon looked up at George Martin expectantly.”
 “’That one was called ‘I Am The Walrus,’ John said, ‘So…what do you think?’ George (Martin) looked flummoxed; for once he was at a loss for words. ‘Well, John, to be honest, I have only one question: What the hell do you expect me to do with that?’”
“There was a round of nervous laughter in the room which partially dissipated the tension, but Lennon was clearly not amused. Frankly, I thought George’s remark was out of line. To me, The Beatles seemed a bit lost, as if they were looking for another place to be, a new start…and even in its raw state I could hear that the song had potential. Perhaps it wasn’t one of John’s finest compositional efforts, but with that unique voice of his and our combined creative abilities, I was sure it could turn into something good.”
 "George Martin, however, simply couldn’t get past the limited musical content and outrageous lyrics; he flat out didn’t like the song. As John sang provocative lines about a pornographic priestess and letting knickers down, George turned to me and whispered, ‘What did he just say?’ He couldn’t believe his ears, and after the experience The Beatles had gone through with ‘Lucy In The Sky With Diamonds’ and ‘A Day In The Life,’ I guess he was worried about more censorship problems from the BBC.”
 "Despite George’s misgivings, The Beatles were determined to work on the song, so they began running down the backing track, with John accompanying himself, unusually, on a Wurlitzer electric piano. He was not a great keyboardist at the best of times, and on this day he was especially unfocused, so he made quite a few fluffs, to George Martin’s chagrin. ‘Why doesn’t he ask Paul to play it instead?’ he asked me in the control room.” (Footnote: Andy Babiuk’s book “Beatles Gear” cites the keyboard John used as a Hohner Pianet, not a Wurlitzer electric piano.)
 "I had no answer; perhaps John was just trying to get his grief out. George became even more exasperated when it became apparent that Ringo was having trouble holding the beat steady; it was a long song, played at a laconic tempo, so it was tough going. For the first few takes, Paul played bass as usual, but then he opted to switch to tambourine, standing directly in front of Ringo, effectively acting as both a cheerleader and a human click track.”
 “’Not to worry, I’ll keep you locked in,’ he told his drummer confidently, once again dealing with a tricky situation that George Martin simply couldn’t handle. I thought it was one of Paul’s finest moments. He was trying to inject some professionalism into a session that was drifting away because the others had their minds on Brian (Epstein)’s death. It was a classic case of him taking charge when things were beginning to unravel, and he would do that more and more as the years went on.”
 “In the end, Ringo gave a strong performance, thanks in no small part to Paul’s quick thinking; Paul always did have the most rock-solid sense of timing within the band, and Ringo had the humility to be able to accept his help when it was needed. But even listening to the record today you can hear that they’re distracted, that their minds are not really on what they’re doing. I distinctly remember the look of emptiness on all their faces while they were playing ‘I Am The Walrus.’ It’s one of the saddest memories I have of my time with The Beatles.”
 This six-hour recording session resulted in 16 takes of the rhythm track being recorded, the first three takes being recorded over as the tape was rewound to begin "take four." The instrumentation comprised John on electric piano, George on electric rhythm guitar, Ringo on drums and Paul, having abandoned his bass guitar after the first few takes, plays a steady tambourine beat. No vocals were recorded for the song at this point. "Take 16" was deemed the best and was set aside for overdubs to be recorded the following day. The book “The Beatles Recording Sessions” stipulates that “an overdub of a mellotron” was added on this day, but no evidence of this instrument is heard on the existing “take 16” as heard on the 1996 album “Anthology 2.” Either it was mixed out of the recording or the “Recording Sessions” book was mistaken.
 The following day, September 6th, 1967, the group assembled in EMI Studio Two for more work on “I Am The Walrus.” Sometime around 7 pm the session began with a tape reduction of the previous day's "take 16" being made, which opened up more tracks for overdubs. This made the recording "take 17," onto which Paul recorded his bass guitar and Ringo added more drums.
 Another overdub added this day was John’s breath-taking lead vocal. Geoff Emerick explains: “I always felt that John Lennon hid some of his insecurities behind his vocal disguises and nonsense wordplay. This time, he informed us that he wanted his voice to appear to be coming from the moon. I had no idea what a man on the moon might sound like – or even what John was really hearing in his head – but, as usual, no amount of discussion with him could shed a lot of light on the matter. After a little bit of thought, I ended up overloading the console’s mic preamps so as to get a smooth, round kind of distortion – something that was, once again, in clear violation of EMI’s strict rules. To make his voice sound even edgier, I used a cheap low-fidelity talkback microphone.”
“Even then, John wasn’t entirely happy with the result, but, as usual, he was also impatient to get on with it. ‘Okay, that’ll do,’ he said abruptly after a brief run-through. It wasn’t exactly an overwhelming vote of confidence at the time, but distortion was an effect he grew to love, and demand, on future Beatles recordings, not just on his voice, but on his guitar as well.”
 After these three overdubs were complete, George Martin, Geoff Emerick and 2nd engineer Ken Scott worked at creating a mono mix for the purpose of having acetate discs cut. Even though the song had a long way to go, it was already complicated enough to pose a detriment to getting a good mono mix created. The first three tries were unsuccessful but the fourth attempt made it all the way through the song and was deemed acceptable enough for now.
 Geoff Emerick relates an idea of John’s that was experimented with at this mixing session and then eventually made it onto the finished song. "At the time, John and Paul were both heavily into avant-garde music, especially compositions that were based upon randomness…John was enthralled with the concept. As he listened to the playbacks of “I Am The Walrus,” he said, ‘You know, I think it would be great if I could put some random radio noise on the end of it – you know, just twiddling the dial, tuning into various stations to see what we get and how it fits with the music.’" Some have speculated that German composer Karlheinz Stockhausen's avant-garde piece "Hymnen," which was written sometime between 1966 and 1967, had inspired Lennon to want to include a radio scan in the finished mix of "I Am The Walrus." Karlheinz Stockhausen was admired by The Beatles enough to have been included in the top row of the faces on the front cover of the "Sgt Pepper" album.
 “George Martin made a show of rolling his eyes heavenward, but I told John that it was perfectly doable. I arranged to have a radio tuner brought down from the maintenance office so we could experiment with it. Given the studio’s arcane procedures – a formal memo had to be written and approved – and the fact that the big, bulky rack-mounted tuner had to be rewired and then patched into the mixing console, it was quite an undertaking and not something we could put together quickly, which the ever-impatient John found highly frustrating. ‘Bloody EMI – can’t even get a radio organized!’ he snapped. But his face lit up when we finally got the sound going, and he had a lot of fun twiddling the dial as the multritrack tape of ‘Walrus’ played back. Because we knew that there was still a lot to be overdubbed onto the song, there wasn’t a track free to record John’s experimentations”
 Brian Epstein’s assistant Alistair Taylor, who was present on this day, remembers the events: “We were in Abbey Road and John suddenly disappeared and he came back and he said, ‘George (Martin), I’m looking for a radio.’ We all looked at him and said, ‘What do you mean, you’re looking for a radio?’ George Martin said, ‘I’m sure there’s got to be a radio somewhere in the building.’ So, John went off again and he found a radio on the floor above and he put it on short wave, because that was what John wanted. George Martin had to figure out how to get the radio from above down into the studio where they were recording.”
After this mix was complete, The Beatles began work on two new songs for the “Magical Mystery Tour” project, namely “The Fool On The Hill” and “Blue Jay Way.” By 3 am the following morning, this recording session was wrapped up for the night.
 Since The Beatles needed to lip sync to “I Am The Walrus” for the “Magical Mystery Tour” film that was already in production, they needed a tape copy to listen to during the filming. The tape copy they used was created on September 16th, 1967, which was a duplicate copy of mono mix 4 as detailed above. This tape, made by George Martin, Ken Scott and 2nd engineer Jeff Jarratt, was given directly to Garvik Losey, who was an assistant to the film’s producer Denis O’Dell. The filming of the “I Am The Walrus” sequence took place just days later, sometime between September 19th and 24th, 1967.
 By September 27th, 1967, George Martin had put together a very interesting score for an orchestra overdub for the song, reportedly with some input from John (as indicated in Paul’s book “Many Years From Now”). Sixteen session musicians were brought into EMI Studio One at 2:30 pm to record this score on this day, featuring eight violins, four cellos, a contra bass clarinet and three horns. After first performing another tape reduction, thus vacating one track on the four-track tape, these musicians recorded seven tries at the overdubs, the final four being edit pieces only. This means that "take 20" was the keeper at this point, the four edit pieces being additions to this final take. It is not known if any Beatles were present at this afternoon session, which completed at 5:30 pm.
The Beatles were present, however, at the evening session on this day, which moved back over to EMI Studio Two and began somewhere around 7 pm. First on the agenda was creating yet another tape reduction in order to free up more space for the song, which now made the current recording “take 25.”
 And what was this overdub going to consist of? “The idea of using voices was a good one,” says George Martin. “We got in The Mike Sammes Singers, very commercial people and so alien to John that it wasn’t true. But in the score I simply orchestrated the laughs and noises, the whooooooah kind of thing. John was delighted with it.” Paul relates, “John worked with George Martin…and did some very exciting things with The Mike Sammes Singers, the likes of which they’ve never done before or since, like getting them to chant, ‘Everybody’s got one, everybody’s got one…,’ which they loved. It was a session to be remembered. Most of the time they got asked to do ‘Sing Something Simple’ and all the old songs, but John got them doing all sorts of swoops and phonetic noises. It was a fascinating session. That was John’s baby, great one, a really good one."
 Ray Thomas of The Moody Blues, in a 2015 interview with Stephen Schnee, relates how fellow bandmate Mike Pinder and himself also took part in this vocal overdub. "We were very friendly at the time with The Beatles," Ray Thomas explains. "Mike (Pinder) and I went into Abbey Road...and did some backing vocals on 'Walrus.'” Lennon relates, “I had this whole choir saying, ‘Everybody’s got one, everybody’s got one,’ but when you get thirty people, male and female, on top of thirty cellos and on top of The Beatles’ rock’n’roll rhythm section, you can’t hear what they’re saying.” Although engineer Geoff Emerick was not present on the day of this overdub, he remembers his pleasant surprise on hearing the tapes of this overdub on his return, describing the vocalists as also singing, “Oompah, oompah, stick it up your jumper” and of course, “Ho-ho-ho, hee-hee-hee, ha-ha-ha.”
 These sixteen vocalists (eight men and eight women) performed all their outrageous overdubs onto "take 25" in the next seven hours or so, thus ending their recording stint for the day by approximately 2 am the next morning. “The next day we did a Kathy Kirby session at Pye Studios,” Mike Sammes recounts from consulting his diaries, “then ‘The Benny Hill Show’ for ATV and we had some men doing recordings for ‘The Gang Show’ at Chappells!”
 By 3:30 am, after Paul recorded some additional vocals for the song “The Fool On The Hill,” creating the need for another mono mix of that song to be made, the session was finally over. With all this work being done on “I Am The Walrus” at this point, everyone may have thought that the song was complete. This was surprisingly not the case!
 The next day (or should I say later that day), September 28th, 1967, intricate work was undertaken to create a usable mono mix of the song. George Martin and engineers Ken Scott and Richard Lush entered the control room of EMI Studio Two at 4 pm for work on some of the “Magical Mystery Tour” songs. After creating tape copies of the film’s title song and “Flying” for use in the actual film, they gave attention to “I Am The Walrus” by syncing up two tape machines to combine the previous day's finished recording (“take 25,” containing all recorded elements so far bounced down to one track) onto track two of the four-track tape that contained the rhythm track, Paul’s bass and John’s vocal (“take 17”). They had to have worked very hard to sync up these two tapes to get them to mesh well together, the results showing a slight variation in tape speeds noticeable on the finished product (especially where the drums come in for the first time). At 5:30 pm, this session was complete.
 However, the next session of the day began around 7 pm in the same studio, this time with The Beatles present. This session began with an actual attempt by the same engineering team at creating the coveted mono mix of “I Am The Walrus.” They took the newly created “take 17” and made four tries at making a mono mix (incorrectly numbered 2 through 5), their first attempt (“remix 2”) being deemed the best at this point. Then they performed some editing of “remix 2” to get it to what they thought was a finished state. This being completed at around 9 pm, the rest of the session was devoted to the song “Flying,” this session not winding up until 3 am the following morning.
 Later that evening, September 29th, 1967, The Beatles convened again in EMI Studio Two around 7 pm to once again try to perfect the mono mix of “I Am The Walrus.” George Martin, Ken Scott and 2nd engineer Graham Kirkby rolled the tape a total of 17 times to get it right (numbered takes 6 through 22), although only two of these attempts made it all the way through to the end of the song, "take 10" and "take 22." What especially made it problematic was their experimenting with changing different elements of the song along the way. “Take 10” shows the following changes: Two of the six beats on the introduction were cut off, a cymbal crash after the first “goo goo gajoob” was mixed out, Ringo’s drums are totally mixed out just after the first two times John sings “I’m crying,” and a full measure was edited out just before the lyrics “yellow matter custard.”
 John’s brainchild of having the sound of “twiddling the dial” of a radio was incorporated into the second complete mono mix made on this day, namely “take 22.” However, since there wasn’t an available track on the tape left to record the radio, they needed to accommodate John’s idea somehow. Geoff Emerick explains: "(John) ended up repeating the exercise, with Ringo twiddling the dial, when the mono mix was done…That’s the reason why ‘I Am The Walrus’ can never be remixed: the radio wasn’t recorded on the multitrack. Instead, it was flown into the two-track, live, as the mix was occurring." However, with AI techology developed much later, the song could indeed be remixed, as we'll see below.
 And what happened to be on the radio that evening? Mark Lewisohn’s book “The Beatles Recording Sessions” relates: “The tuning dial eventually came to rest on the BBC Third Programme…while a 190-minute production of Shakespeare’s ‘The Tragedy Of King Lear’ was being broadcast. Parts of Act IV Scene VI can be heard on the record, commencing with the lines, spoken by Gloucester and Edgar respectively, ‘Now, good sir, what are you?’ and ‘A most poor man, made tame by fortune’s blows.’ The Shakespeare broadcast is particularly evident at the end of the song, from Oswald’s ‘…take my purse’ through to Edgar’s ‘Sit you down, father; rest you.’ Whether the actors concerned – Mark Dignam (Gloucester), Philip Guard (Edgar) and John Bryning (Oswald) – have discovered their appearance on a Beatles record is not known.”
 “We did this on the remix,” Lennon explained at the time. “When we were remixing, we had all of the voices, which we just brought in as we were doing it, sort of ad-lib. So it’s not editing at all, it was just all going on. We did the loops like that so they’re all going on at the time, and we’d just bring them in now and again…When we made it, we had a live radio coming through. It was just whatever came through on the radio was coming through. If I said, ‘I want the radio on it,’ George (Martin) would make it so I could mix and the radio would be coming through the machine.” When John was asked who was working the controls, he replied: “About ten of us, whoever. It’s just all sorts of people. There’s me, Paul, or anybody who’s around.”
 “John liked playing around,” explained George Martin, “but he wasn’t a good technician. He couldn’t handle equipment all that well, but he was always trying to get new effects. John was moving the faders around during ‘Walrus,’ because someone had to do something at random; he wasn’t running the show.”
“I never knew it was ‘King Lear’ until, years later, somebody told me,” John said in 1974, “because I could hardly make out what he was saying. It was interesting to mix the whole thing with a live radio coming through it. So that’s the secret of that one.”
 From the two complete mixes made on this day, it was decided to edit together the first half of “take 10” with the second half of “take 22,” the edit appearing just before the lyrics “Sitting in an English garden.” The combination of these two takes was now being called “take 23,” this being the mono mix released in Britain on the single and “Magical Mystery Tour” EP. It appears that Capitol Records in the US was inadvertently sent the unedited “take 22” instead, the differences including the full measure of music still being in place just before the lyric “yellow matter custard” is heard.
This incredible mono mixing exercise was complete at around 1 am the following morning, attention then being paid to complete “Your Mother Should Know” before the session finally ended at 5 am.
 The stereo mix wasn’t created until November 6th, 1967, this being done in the control room of EMI Studio Three by George Martin, Geoff Emerick and Ken Scott. As expected, this stereo mix proved to be very problematic to make. “I was asked to do the stereo mix when I returned from vacation,” Geoff Emerick recalls. “We tried twiddling the radio dial that time, too, but the results weren’t as much to John’s liking as the Shakespearean play he happened to tune into during the mono mix, so we had to splice the end of the original mix in. We flanged it in order to spread the signal out in stereo, but avid listeners can still hear the image shift dramatically after the splice point, especially if you listen in headphones.” In fact, the treble and bass signals were separated, one on the left channel and one on the right channel, not unlike the “duophonic” stereo mixes Capitol were prone to concoct for earlier Beatles releases. At different points in this stereo mix, the treble and bass signals alternate to the opposite channels to try to add to the surreal imagery of the song.
 For the first half of the song, the engineering team used the four-track tape of “take 17” just as they did for the mono mix, but they were less picky about altering the elements of the song as they were with the mono mix. For instance, all six introductory beats remained intact, and Ringo’s drums were not altered throughout the mix. They did, however, see fit to edit out the extra measure just before “yellow matter custard.” Mono mix 22, which contained the King Lear dialogue, was edited in during the orchestrated interlude just before “sitting in an English garden,” the remainder of the song being in mono from that point on. It took seven tries to get this right, remix 6 and 7 being deemed the best in different respects, resulting in them being edited together to create this stereo mix. The duration of this session was from 2:30 to 6 pm and, although three other songs were mixed into stereo on this day as well, it can confidently be assumed that creating the stereo mix of “I Am The Walrus” took up most of this day’s time.
 On the next day, November 7th, 1967, George Martin, Geoff Emerick and Graham Kirkby assembled in the control room of EMI Studio Two for more work in creating stereo mixes for recent songs. During this 2:30 to 5:45 pm session, they made a tape copy of “I Am The Walrus,” as well as all of the other “Magical Mystery Tour” songs, to be given to Capitol Records representative Voyle Gilmore so he could hand deliver them to the US for release.
 Interestingly, the stereo mix still needed to be tweaked. On November 17th, 1967, George Martin, Geoff Emerick and Ken Scott assembled in EMI Studios’ Room 53 between 10 am and 1:15 pm to create yet another stereo mix of the first half of the song. Calling this “remix 25,” they then edited this with the second half of the song as it was contained on the previously created “remix 7.” This, then, became the official stereo mix of “I Am The Walrus.”
It should be noted here, however, that there are various different mixes of the song as heard throughout the years on US releases. These will be described below under “American Releases.”
 Sometime in 1995, George Martin and Geoff Emerick created a scaled down version of “I Am The Walrus” for inclusion on the 1996 released “Anthology 2” album. This version contains the original Beatles rhythm track as recorded on September 5th, 1967 along with John’s overdubbed lead vocal as recorded on September 6th. With no orchestra, choral singers, bass guitar or “King Lear” dialogue, it paints a very vivid picture of the embryo of John’s original idea for the song. Quite interesting here is the extra measure of music that was edited out of most of the released mixes which contain a vocal miscue from John (he started singing “yellow matter custard” too soon before stopping himself).
 The first ever full stereo mix of the song was created by George Martin and his son Giles Martin sometime between 2004 and 2006 for the album “Love.” While utilizing the original tapes, they painstakingly synced in the “King Lear” dialogue to match where it originally appeared in the mono mix. Although it doesn't conclude with the stark "Sit you down, father; rest you" as we are used to hearing, this new mix is excellent nevertheless.
 Giles Martin was then given the task in 2023 of creating a "demix remix" of "I Am The Walrus" for inclusion on the 50th Anniversary edition of the compilation album "The Beatles / 1967 - 1970" (aka "The Blue Album"). With Peter Jackson's AI technology at his disposal, Giles Martin was able to utilize this "new machine-learning techology" so that "individual elements that were put to tape...and were therefore impossible to separate" could be "untangled, allowing Giles to put the original recordings back together with even greater clarity and impact," as stated by John Harris in the liner notes of the above mentioned album. With this new technology, Giles Martin had another go at perfecting a full stereo mix of "I Am The Walrus."
 However, the majority of Beatles fans were aghast at the results of this new stereo mix, especially concerning the song's final sixty seconds. The "King Lear" dialogue is much lower in the mix while other radio "twiddling" even drowns out the actual song, the ingenious ascending strings and descending chord structure being lost to discordant radio frequencies. “‘I Am The Walrus’ was so deliberately screwed up in its creation,” Giles Martin told Rolling Stone magazine in 2023. “The biggest issue on ‘I Am The Walrus’ is that the stereo in the second half is basically an artificial double-tracked mono, just a mono that goes through an ADT ("Artificial Double Tracking") machine. So you’re having to ADT a bunch of separate stuff and stick it all back together again.”
 This explanation appears to confirm that Peter Jackson applied his AI technology to the common stereo mix of "I Am The Walrus" (as contained on the commercially released "Magical Mystery Tour" album) to isolate each of the elements of the song. Peter Jackson could easily have used the masterful and highly available mono mix that George Martin originally created in the '60s as he had done with other songs for this project, such as "Love Me Do," "She Loves You" and "Yesterday." This mono mix was truly not "deliverately screwed up" as Giles Martin describes the stereo mix, so this obviously was the better choice, as would have been the actual EMI tapes from 1967 as he utilized when creating his "Love" album version. The results of this 2023 "demix remix," unfortunately, detract from the mastery of the presentation that George Martin perfected back in 1967, arguably revealing this new creation to be a "rush job."
Song Structure and Style
“’I Am The Walrus’ is also one of my favorite tracks,” Lennon stated in 1974, “because I did it, of course, but also because it’s one of those that has enough little bitties going to keep you interested even a hundred years later.”
 Although there are indeed a plethora of “little bitties” that occupy your ears on this song, there is surprisingly a (somewhat) standard framework that is used as a suitable canvas for the enormous array of musical "paint strokes," you might call them, which grab the attention of most people. The blues-like structure, after all the subtleties are added in, amounts to ‘intro/ verse 1/ verse 2/ refrain/ verse 1/ bridge/ verse 2/ refrain/ intro (variant)/ refrain/ verse 1/ verse 2/ refrain/ outro’ (or abcdbecdadbcdf). By far, this is the most complicated format used in a Beatles song up to this date, but don’t let that scare you. Let’s take a deeper look at it.
The intro is seven measures long (seven-and-a-half in the official British version), which starts off with a single measure of the siren-like keyboard intro from John on the rhythm track. The orchestra jumps in at the second measure to accentuate the descending melody line that appears throughout the entire intro. The fifth measure brings in a startling drum fill from Ringo to usher in the rest of the rhythm track instruments for the sixth and seventh measures.
 The first verse is six measures long and begins immediately with John’s oscillating “I am he as you are he” vocal line on top of the continuing Beatles rhythm track. The orchestral score takes a little bit more of a backseat during this verse while Ringo alters his steady 4/4 rock beat in measures four and five by hitting his snare drum on each quarter note. The sixth measure, which is signaled by the lyric “I’m crying,” presents a “Beatles break,” the rhythm track dropping out to reveal the cellos continuing the siren-like oscillating notes. Ringo also performs a simple drum fill to usher in the second verse (which is mixed out of the original mono mix).
 The second verse is also six measures in length and melodically similar to the first but its second half takes us in a different direction entirely. The full Beatles rhythm track is in place with John’s punchy vocal, this time having the orchestral score playing a more prominent role, filling in vocal gaps to keep the musical flow going. Ringo does his snare quarter-note pattern again in measures four and five as in the previous verse, while the strings extend John’s vocal line for “let your face grow long” into the sixth measure. The fifth and sixth measures are on the anticipatory B chord, which is a natural lead-in to the first refrain.
 The first refrain is three measures long, consisting of rising up from B for each measure (hence, from B to C to D to E). Cleverly, John’s vocal line rises with each chord change as well until the tension is created in the third measure at “Walrus, Goo goo gajoob,” where he is at the same starting note of the first verse, which is where he goes next although it changes to the A chord. With each measure, the cellos play a blurred descending note (which must have been a bear for George Martin to explain to the musicians) while The Mike Sammes Singers make their first appearance in the song by echoing the descending note with vocal “aaahs” in the first and second measures. The third measure “aaah” was omitted, no doubt, because it was taken up with John’s “Goo goo gajoob.” A very slight drum fill from Ringo ushers in the verse that follows.
The six-measure first verse is then repeated instrumentally with different lyrics while the orchestral score adds even more business to fill in the gaps musically. Just after the lyrical reference to “lucy in the sky” and the “Three Blind Mice” quote “see how they run,” the strings manage a descending triplet pattern in the fifth measure. In the mono mix, they pan down the rhythm track in the sixth measure to simulate another “Beatles break,” but fail to do this in the all-too-familiar stereo mix.
 A five-measure bridge is then inserted to break up the two verse pattern heard in the first part of the song, no doubt to emphasize John’s sorrowful “crying” lyric to break the song’s tension. “I’m crying” is heard three times in this bridge, accented by The Mike Sammes Singers mimicking John’s falsetto in the first and second measures, and then performing a vocal upward swoop in the fourth measure. The rhythm track is in place during this bridge as are the strings as more of a rhythmic backwash to the proceedings. Interestingly, Ringo performs a somewhat out-of-place drum fill at the end of the second measure, although we’re used to hearing it there so it still works very well. (As a sidenote we need to explain that, in the original American mono mix, this bridge would be six measures long instead of five due to the extra final measure that was edited out later on all subsequent mixes. The extra measure is just a little extra vamping in A that precedes the following verse which also begins in A.)
 Next is a repeat of the second verse (but with different lyrics) having ultimately the same elements and instrumentation, followed by another refrain. For this refrain, the entire string section plays the blurred descending notes instead of just the cellos; however, it’s only done in the first two measures instead of all three like before, even more emphasis being placed on John’s “Goo goo gajoob.”
The following section is a nine-measure variation of the introduction. The first measure is comprised completely of the first appearance of the radio dial fiddling that Lennon was keen on injecting into the mix of the song. All of the elements heard on the song thus far cut out completely leaving what appears to be multiple overdubs of radio static and half-tuned-in radio stations. When timed out, this cacophony of radio noise takes up exactly one measure in length.
 This is followed by three measures of orchestra only, playing an interesting melody line on top of the chords heard in the song’s introduction. The last of these measures (measure four of this section) includes an ascending cello glissando. This leads into the fifth through ninth measures, which bring back The Beatles’ rhythm track along with John’s vocal “Sitting in an English garden…” At this point, if you are listening to the standard stereo version, it becomes obvious that the song is now in mono as it will remain until its completion. The introductory chords are repeated once again during this vocal section, but it quickly transcends into a repeat of the final two measures of what was verse two during the lyrics “come, you’ll get a tan from standing in the English rain.”
 Predictably, the song then worms its way back to the refrain, although this time the refrain is four measures long instead of three. In order to fill up the extra measure, John extends his final phrase to “Goo, goo, gajoob, ga, goo, goo gajoob.” It is during this segment that we hear, for the first time, the radio transmission of “The Tragedy Of King Lear,” the reciting of the line “A most poor man, made tame by fortune’s blows” being heard very clearly. The Mike Sammes Singers take a break during this refrain however (or are mixed out of the recording) to allow the King Lear recitation to be heard clearly.
 Next comes another version of “verse one,” a distinctive element being the laugh of the “joker” as echoed by The Mike Sammes Singers (“ho, ho, ho, hee, hee, hee, ha, ha, ha”). The cellos swell in the final measure as a segue into a new version of “verse two,” which feature the orchestral instruments repeating a hypnotic ascending and descending figure during the first three measures. The rest of this verse displays the strings playing a dissonant harmony to John’s vocal melody, something not heard in the song thus far.
This is followed by the final, and most dramatic, refrain of the song, this one elongated to six measures in length. All elements of the previous refrains are in place, The Mike Sammes Singers and all, John filling the extra measures with yet some more gibberish, namely: “goo, goo, gajoob, ga, goo, goo gajoob, ga, goo…joob, joob, joob.” The final three “joob”s are accompanied by a simple drum fill from Ringo.
 The ‘piece de resistance’ is the twenty-five measure outro which is heard next. John’s gibberish continues into the first two measures of this section, as does a somewhat out of place drum fill by Ringo in the first measure. The orchestration drones simply on the quarter-notes but, interestingly, rises with every descending chord change. The Mike Sammes Singers appear in the third and fourth measures with the men singing “Oompah, oompah, stick it up your jumper,” this moving into the entire singers chanting “everybody’s got one” repeatedly throughout the rest of the song. Static from the radio dial appears from the third measure on, the BBC broadcast of King Lear being tuned into again and, by the ninth measure, the words become a little clearer:
 “If ever thou wilt thrive, bury my body…And give the letters which thou find’st about To Edmund Earl of Gloster; seek him out Upon the British party: - O, untimely death!...I know thee well: a serviceable villain; As duteous to the vices of thy mistress as badness would desire…What, is he dead?...Sit you down, father; rest you.”
And with this, the masterpiece has faded to its conclusion.
 As for the performances on the song, John Lennon’s capable keyboard playing propels the song nicely while his vocal delivery is arguably the most menacing and deliberate in The Beatles’ catalog. Apart from Ringo’s steadfast drumming, both Paul and George’s deliveries are rudimentary and secondary to the proceedings. Paul volunteers to relegate himself to tambourine on the rhythm track and then puts in a suitable but perfunctory performance on bass. George’s rhythm guitar works nicely but is barely audible on the track. Other than John, George Martin’s score and production is second most noteworthy regarding the successful effect the song has on the listener.
American Releases
 “I Am The Walrus” was first released in America as the b-side to “Hello Goodbye” on November 27th, 1967. While the a-side topped the Billboard Hot 100, “Walrus” only charted for four weeks and peaked at #56. Radio programmers at the time probably viewed it as not commercial enough and didn’t give it much airplay. Its hard-core popularity was yet to come. The unique mono mix of “I Am The Walrus,” as stipulated above, appears on this US single. Since the official mono mix (mix 23) was released in Britain and elsewhere, this unique mix appears only in America and only on the Capitol single.
 Also on November 27th, 1967, the album “Magical Mystery Tour” was released in the US. Although “I Am The Walrus” appears as the fourth song in the film, Capitol decided to place it as the final track on side one of the album for good effect. The album sold over six million copies, this song being one of many highlights. The vinyl version of the album continued to be reissued in the US throughout the years, while it was first released on compact disc on September 21st, 1987 and then in a newly remastered condition on September 9th, 2009.
 Since this Capitol album was released in both mono and stereo, the mono mix used here is slightly different than what they released on the single. Someone at Capitol must have noticed that the extra measure of music just before “yellow matter custard” wasn’t supposed to be there (or someone from EMI notified them of the mistake) and Capitol performed their own edit to take this measure out. As for the stereo mix used on the album, Capitol edited off the first two introductory beats of the official stereo mix in order for it to somewhat match the mono mix that they released as a single.
 The popularity of “I Am The Walrus” exploded to the degree that it earned a spot on the April 2nd, 1973, released compilation set “The Beatles/1967-1970” (aka “The Blue Album”). The stereo mix contained on the “Magical Mystery Tour” album (with the two introductory beats edited off) also appears on this release. However, when this compilation album was first released as a double-compact disc on September 20th, 1993, the official stereo mix with all six introductory beats was included. A remastered re-release of “The Blue Album” came out on August 10th, 2010.
 Then came the US “Rarities” album, which was released on March 24th, 1980. Capitol created yet another version of the song which included all six introductory beats (the first time this was released in the US) as well as the extra measure of music preceding “yellow matter custard.” This was created using the official stereo mix and artificially mixing in the mono extra measures from the single release.
On March 22nd, 1982, the album “Reel Music” was released, this compilation featuring stand-out tracks from The Beatles’ movies. The official stereo mix of the song was used on this album, which was quite successful, peaking at #19 on the Billboard album chart and certified gold by selling over 500,000 units. Over 12,000 promotional copies were also printed, these being on translucent gold vinyl.
 An interesting US vinyl edition of the “Magical Mystery Tour” album was released on February 1st, 1981. This was manufactured by Mobile Fidelity Sound Lab in Chatsworth, California and was part of their "Original Master Recording" series, which prepared its albums utilizing half-speed mastering technology from the original master tapes. In this case, however, they leased the master tape from EMI in the UK, not realizing that this was a second generation master tape originally supplied by Capitol Records in America. While this release sounded superior to conventional vinyl versions, it still contained the duophonic (fake stereo) mixes of “Penny Lane,” “Baby, You're A Rich Man” and “All You Need Is Love.” Also, as was the case with all of the vinyl editions of the album by this time, the original multi-page booklet was omitted from this new vinyl release. Nevertheless, this edition of the album was only available for a short time and is quite collectible today.
 On June 30th, 1992, a new CD box set was released in the US. entitled “Compact Disc EP Collection.” Their entire British mono EP collection was included in this set, the double-EP “Magical Mystery Tour” being the final EP installment in their home country, both the British mono and stereo versions of "I Am The Walrus" being contained in this box set.
 On March 18th, 1996, the album “Anthology 2” was released which featured the interesting scaled-down version of the song as outlined above.
On November 20th, 2006, the first ever complete stereo mix of “I Am The Walrus” was released on the album “Love.” This album peaked at #4 on the Billboard album chart.
 On September 9th, 2009, the box set “The Beatles In Mono” was released which contained the entire mono Beatles catalog in a newly remastered condition, “I Am The Walrus” being among the collection. Also released on September 9th, 2009, in promotion of the remastered Beatles catalog, the "09.09.09 Sampler" was distributed to retailers and radio programmers, "I Am The Walrus" being featured therein. This has become quite the find for collectors.
 A unique version of “I Am The Walrus” was released in September of 2011. Target stores in America carried Capitol Beatles vinyl singles paired with t-shirts to sell for a limited time, the records mimicking the Capitol label and picture sleeves of the original releases. The newly remastered versions of the songs were used on these pressings. However, in order to try to duplicate the original single release, an attempt was made to include the missing measure of music just before “yellow matter custard.” The edit is obvious and quite unlike the original. Nice try, though!
 Interestingly, on October 8th, 2012, a restored version of the film “Magical Mystery Tour” was released on DVD and Blu-ray, available also as a deluxe edition “Collectors Box” which included an actual vinyl EP set as originally released in Britain but in remastered mono. With “I Am The Walrus” as part of this set, this was the first time the vinyl EP was released in America.
 A 50th Anniversay edition of the compilation album "The Beatles / 1967 - 1970" (aka "The Blue Album") was released on November 10th, 2023, the controversial new Giles Martin stereo mix of "I Am The Walrus," as detailed above, being included. This expanded release included 12 additional songs for a total of 38 tracks, and was made available as a double CD and as a triple vinyl release on both black and blue vinyl.
Live Performances
 While The Beatles were long past their concert touring days by this time, the only Beatles “performance” of the song that can be pointed to is the excellent “I Am The Walrus” sequence that appears in the film “Magical Mystery Tour.” Filming took place during the week of September 19th through 24th, 1967 at the West Malling Air Station in Maidstone, Kent. This air station, which was 28 miles south-east of London, “was used in World War II as a base for the United States Army Air Force,” states Mark Lewisohn’s book “The Complete Beatles Chronicle.” The book continues, “The airfield is architecturally distinguished by 32 enormous concrete walls, built to absorb the impact from enemy bombs and so preserve the US planes for their own raids.”
 The Beatles filmed performances for this sequence at two different airfield locations, sometimes wearing animal masks and/or outfits (John as the Walrus, of course). They made great use of the concrete walls, having “policeman in a row” standing perilously on top of them, not to mention The Beatles themselves climbing up there as well. This quick-cut melange of film footage, combining the group lip-syncing to the song around a white grand piano as well as other various tomfoolery including egg-headed marchers, has become the obvious “must see” sequence in the film.
 Regarding the filming of this sequence at the West Malling Air Station, John explained: “I filmed ‘Walrus’ there and I had all these policemen there on top. We couldn’t find a studio so a guy got us this airplane hangar to film in. I was doing this Fellini thing where we were dressed as walruses, but I ended up confusing myself, you know, with all these Eggmen. I didn’t know about real filming, and the cameraman apparently didn’t know either, and nobody else did!” Some scenes show John with an “eggman” covering over his head and other scenes show him as a walrus. This is apparently what John was referring to here.
 One obscure segment of this sequence shows what appears to be a projectionist mistake, this being where the top portion of the footage shows up below the bottom portion of the footage. John explains that it wasn’t a mistake at all. “I got into the editing room and it’s out of frame for TV! So, I said, ‘Okay, pull it in,’ and the frame starts coming back up at the top. So, I said, ‘Okay, well, print the top down below.’ So, if you see it, you see the sky, well, it’s all surreal again. The sky and the cops are all dancing underneath the group who is playing with the lunatics walking.”
 Fans are not alone in specifying this performance as the true highlight of the “Magical Mystery Tour” film. “It wasn’t the greatest thing we’d ever done,” Paul recalls about the movie, “but I defend it anyway, on the lines that nowhere else do you see a performance of ‘I Am The Walrus,’ That’s the only performance ever.”
 The October 14th, 1969 issue of "The Michigan Daily."
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Conclusion
 “Walrus is Greek for corpse,” stated the October 14th, 1969 issue of “The Michigan Daily,” the University of Michigan’s student paper (written by Fred LaBour) which helped fuel the rumor that Paul McCartney was dead. A plethora of so-called “discovered clues” in Beatles music was discussed and debated among the press and music fans throughout the US in the later months of 1969 as the rumor took hold.
While the convincing urgency of Lennon’s vocals on “I Am The Walrus” made us think there was a deeper meaning to the lyrics, did they really mean to inform their audience of the death of the “cute Beatle”? Or, as many still believe to this day, did they deliberately place “clues” such as this in their recordings as a hoax to facilitate continued record sales?
 While the song’s lyrics leave no doubt as to John speaking about himself as the “Walrus,” the following year he sings, “Here’s another clue for you all: The Walrus was Paul” on the song “Glass Onion” (from the “White Album"). The identity of the creature is then flip-flopped in John’s 1970 song “God” (from his “Plastic Ono Band” album) in which he sings “I was the walrus, but now I’m John.”
 And let's not forget the October 8th, 1969 George Harrison interview with David Wigg (as included on his 1976 interview album "The Beatles Tapes") in which George makes this statement concerning the group possibly splitting up: “Because, if you’re listening, I’m the walrus too!”
Not to burst anyone’s bubble but, as stated earlier, John himself insists, “’Walrus’ is just saying a dream – the words don’t mean a lot. People draw so many conclusions and it’s ridiculous.” But then again, if you want to continue to believe in the conspiracy theory, be my guest. I could be in on it too, you know!
Or maybe the walrus is really Murray The K!
Song Summary
“I Am The Walrus”
Written by: John Lennon / Paul McCartney
- Song Written: Late August, 1967
- Song Recorded: September 5, 6, 27, 28 and 29, 1967
- First US Release Date: November 27, 1967
- US Single Release: Capitol #2056 (b-side to “Hello Goodbye”)
- Highest Chart Position: #56
- First US Album Release: Capitol #SMAL-2835 “Magical Mystery Tour”
- British Album Release: Apple #PSCP 718 “The Beatles/1967-1970”
- Length: 4:33 (4:35, U.S. mono)
- Key: A major
- Producer: George Martin
- Engineers: Geoff Emerick, Ken Scott, Richard Lush, Graham Kirkby
Instrumentation (most likely):
- John Lennon - Lead Vocals, Electric Piano (Wurlitzer or 1964 Hohner Pianet C)
- Paul McCartney - Bass (1964 Rickenbacker 4001 S), tambourine
- George Harrison - Rhythm Guitar (1961 Sonic Blue Fender Stratocaster, painted psychedelically)
- Ringo Starr - Drums (1964 Ludwig Super Classic Black Oyster Pearl)
- Sidney Sax - Violin
- Jack Rothstein - Violin
- Ralph Elman - Violin
- Andrew McGee - Violin
- Jack Greene - Violin
- Louis Stevens - Violin
- John Jezzard - Violin
- Jack Richards - Violin
- Lionel Ross - Cello
- Eldon Fox - Cello
- Bram Martin - Cello
- Terry Weil - Cello
- Gordon Lewin - Clarinet
- Neil Sanders - Horn
- Tony Tunstall - Horn
- Mo (Morris) Miller - Horn
- Peggie Allen - Vocals
- Wendy Horan - Vocals
- Pat Whitmore - Vocals
- Jill Utting - Vocals
- June Day - Vocals
- Sylvia King - Vocals
- Irene King - Vocals
- G. Mallen - Vocals
- Fred Lucas - Vocals
- Mike Redway - Vocals
- John O’Neill - Vocals
- F. Dachtler - Vocals
- Allan Grant - Vocals
- D. Griffiths - Vocals
- J. Smith - Vocals
- J. Fraser - Vocals
- Ray Thomas - Vocals
- Mike Pinder - Vocals
- Mark Dignam - Spoken dialogue
- Philip Guard - Spoken dialogue
- John Bryning - Spoken dialogue
Written and compiled by Dave Rybaczewski
 The Beatles editing the "Magical Mystery Tour" film.
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